Colourful Angolan Carnival Marks Half-Century of Independence

LUANDA, 2 March 2025 (BSS/AFP) – Under the dim glow of a yellow bulb in a forgotten corner of Luanda, carnival revellers sway their hips in perfect harmony, rehearsing for Angola’s annual celebration. With sweat glistening on their faces, the dancers of Groupe Uniao 17 de Setembro practice the semba, a lively and intimate dance rooted in Angolan tradition, known for its playful improvisation. Unlike its more sensual counterpart, Kizomba, semba is all about connection and rhythm.

The word semba, in the Kimbundu language, translates to “a touch of belly buttons,” capturing the essence of its close embrace.

A major attraction for both locals and tourists, the Angolan Carnival is steeped in history, reflecting the country’s Portuguese colonial past while providing an opportunity to celebrate its rich culture, music, and artistic expression. Traditionally held in the weeks leading up to Easter, it marks the beginning of Lent.

Established as an annual event in 1978, the carnival showcases dancers, elaborate floats, and a vibrant display of costumes and makeup from Angola’s diverse ethnic communities. This year’s edition, spanning three days, is particularly special as it commemorates 50 years of Angolan independence.

A Celebration of Identity and Heritage

“The carnival represents our identity, our cultural tradition, where each province showcases its beauty,” said Domingos Mboloy, leader of the Amazonas de Prenda, a renowned group from Luanda’s Prenda district.

His team of 350 performers has dedicated months to rehearsals, with hopes of securing the carnival’s grand prize. This year, they have chosen to honour the historic “kingdoms of Angola,” paying tribute to the Ndongo and Matamba kingdoms that existed before colonial rule. “Before colonisation and independence, we had Queen Nzinga and King Mandume,” Mboloy explained, referring to Queen Nzinga Mbande and King Mandume ya Ndemufayo—both revered figures in Angola’s resistance against colonialism.

Subdued Festivities Amid Economic Struggles

Saturday’s celebrations burst into life with a vibrant display of colour and traditional music as children led a parade, dancing through the streets. Dressed in yellow fedora hats, shimmering gold and brown silk tops, and multi-coloured ruffled skirts, young girls formed a dazzling procession, stepping in rhythm to the sound of whistles. Boys, elegantly attired with black umbrellas, white gloves, and wooden canes, joined the revelry, adding to the spectacle.

At least 15 groups participated in the performances, showcasing the nation’s diverse cultural heritage.

Once a nationwide celebration, Angola’s carnival is now largely centralised in Luanda, with economic hardships forcing a more restrained approach to the festivities. Despite being an oil-rich nation, Angola remains one of the poorest countries in the world, with deep economic inequalities impacting daily life.

Following a two-year hiatus due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the carnival made a strong comeback in 2023. As in past years, the festivities will culminate on Monday with a grand parade featuring extravagant floats and marching bands, all vying for top honours before a panel of judges. The event will be attended by President João Lourenço, cementing the carnival’s place as a key cultural moment in Angola’s annual calendar.

Beyond its entertainment value, Angola’s carnival remains a powerful expression of national pride and resilience, bringing communities together to celebrate their shared heritage and look towards a hopeful future.